According to the European Islamophobia Report 2020, Islamophobia in Europe has "exacerbated and may have reached a turning point" in 2020.
This report was prepared by 37 academics from different countries on Islamophobia in Europe.
The research analyzed the rise of anti-Muslim sentiment in Europe, including statements in favour of laws that suppress the rights of European Muslims and collected the actions of some European governments that discriminate against Muslims.
In Austria, the government created a digital map called the "Islam Map" that includes a list of the names and locations of more than 620 mosques, Islamic associations and Muslim officials.
Critics said that the map will lead people to be suspicious of Muslim groups and view them as potential criminals.
In Belgium, the Constitutional Court banned political and religious symbols, especially the hijab, in higher education institutions.
In Denmark, the far-right Danish People's Party submitted a bill to Parliament to ban the Islamic headscarf in all public institutions (the bill was rejected).
In France, President Emmanuel Macron's party submitted a bill to Parliament banning girls under the age of 18 from wearing the hijab in public.
In Germany, a judge of Turkish origin was removed from office for wearing a headscarf during the trial.
In Italy, some hospitals in the Lombardy region, northern Italy, published warning posters to prevent women from wearing the niqab, while the Swedish Minister of Education, Anna Ekström, announced a ban on building religious schools in the country.
In the Netherlands, the far-right MP and Freedom Party leader Geert Wilders made several attempts to ban the headscarf.
